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Scientists at the University of Waterloo have developed a vaginal implant to protect women from HIV infection, the tool decreases the number of cells that the HIV virus can target in a woman’s genital tract. Unlike conventional methods of HIV prevention, such as condoms or anti-HIV drugs, the implant takes advantage of some people’s natural immunity against the virus.
HIV infects the body by corrupting T cells that are mobilized by the immune system when the virus enters the body, when the T cells stay resting(immune quiescent) and do not attempt to fight the virus they are not infected and the HIV virus is not transmitted between people. Previous research involving sex workers in Kenya showed that many women who had sex with HIV positive clients but did not contract the virus because the women possessed T cells that were naturally immune quiescent.
The implant is a hollow tube and two pliable arms to hold it in place. It contains hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) which is disseminated slowly through the porous material of the tube and absorbed by the walls of the vaginal tract. The implants were tested in an animal model and they observed a significant reduction in T cell activation- the vaginal tract was demonstrating an immune quiescent state.
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