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Previous studies imply fertility treatment raises women’s risk of cancer due to the high levels of exposure to hormones. Scientists from University College London have discovered that women are only at risk of cancer after IVF if they have other risk factors or a family history of cancer.
The researchers analysed 255,786 women who had IVF between 1991 and 2010. The women were followed for about eight years, were on average 34 years old and had completed one round of IVF at the beginning of the study.
Of the women, 19 per cent had an unclear cause of infertility. In 44 per cent of cases the cause was thought to relate to the women, while male problems accounted for 33 per cent of cases. IVF does not raise the risk of womb cancer in any women
Results suggest IVF slightly increases women’s risk of developing breast cancer that affects the milk ducts but not that which invades normal breast tissue. Women with other risk factors for ovarian cancer, such as being overweight or smoking, put themselves at risk of the condition if they have IVF, however, this risk does not apply to most.
Two hormones increase the chance of conceiving in women undergoing IVF. Among infertile women undergoing IVF after two unsuccessful attempts, 54.3 per cent become pregnant and 51.4 per cent go on to have a live birth after receiving the growth hormones estradiol and progesterone. Estradiol and progesterone are thought to improve blood flow to the lining of the uterus, preparing it for egg implantation.
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