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It is common for a person’s libido to fluctuate throughout their life and according to their mood. However, a significant change in libido may be due to an underlying cause. Low libido can have an underlying medical cause, or it may be due to lifestyle factors. In this article, we explore the causes of low libido in men and women, the potential treatments, and when to speak with a doctor.
Several chronic illnesses and diseases can affect sexual function. These include:
Diabetes
High blood sugar levels can cause vascular and nerve damage. These effects can result in erectile dysfunction in men and decreased blood flow to the genitals in women. Women with diabetes may also experience higher rates of yeast and bladder infections, which can make sex painful or uncomfortable.
Osteoarthritis
People who experience joint pain and stiffness might find it more difficult to participate in sexual activities.
Heart disease
Heart disease can lead to damaged blood vessels and decreased circulation. This damage can reduce blood flow to the genitals, decreasing arousal or lubrication.
High blood pressure
High blood pressure can also affect blood circulation.
Cancer
Treatments for cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, can all affect libido.
Obstructive sleep apnea
Research suggests that untreated obstructive sleep apnea can cause symptoms of low libido.
Medications
Some medications can cause sexual dysfunction or lowered sexual desire. These drugs include:
antidepressants with serotonergic effects
antipsychotics that increase prolactin levels
medications for an enlarged prostate, including finasteride and dutasteride
hormonal contraceptives
medications for high blood pressure
Recreational drug use or excessive alcohol consumption can result in low libido.
Emotional and psychological factors
Many emotional and psychological factors can affect a person’s desire for sex.
Mental health issues resulting from anxiety, depression, fatigue, poor self-esteem, or prior sexual abuse can diminish a person’s interest in sexual activity.
Relationship problems, including lack of trust, conflict, and poor communication, can also lower a person’s sex drive.