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It is easy to confuse head lice with many other conditions. Head lice are neither dangerous nor a sign of poor hygiene, and they do not spread any diseases. The main symptom of lice is itching.
People can treat a head lice infestation with over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription medication, which will kill the head lice.
Head lice have six legs and are usually grayish-white or tan. However, they can camouflage, so they may appear darker or lighter to match different hair colors.
Head lice have three stages in their lifecycle: eggs, which people often refer to as nitsn ymphs adult head lice. A nymph hatches from the egg and goes through several stages of growth before turning into an adult head louse. Nymphs look similar to adult head lice but are smaller, roughly the same size as a pinhead.
Adult head lice are about 2–3 millimeters (mm) in length, which is roughly the size of a sesame seed. Head lice crawl and cannot fly or jump. The most common symptom of head lice is an itchy head. The itchiness is the result of a local allergic reaction to the lice bites.
People with head lice may also notice the following symptoms:
a tickling sensation on the head
the feeling of something moving on the head or through the hair
difficulty sleeping as head lice become more active in darkness
sores on the head from scratching
It is possible to develop an infection in the sores from scratching the head. People will need to see their doctor if they get a scalp infection.